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Machine learning sorts nearly a million quasars from DES imaging

Pablo Motta, Filipe B. Abdalla, Elcio Abdalla, Gabriel S. Costa, Camila Cardoso

May 18, 2026

Cross-matching DES DR2 photometry with SDSS DR16 spectra produced a training set of 168,738 point-like objects. A K-Nearest Neighbors classifier separated quasars from stars at 0.99 precision with 0.77 recall, and a hybrid decision-tree regressor then assigned photometric redshifts across 0 < z < 3, with a secondary population recovered near z ≈ 4. A stacked outlier classifier was added to suppress catastrophic redshift failures. The final cleaned catalog of 675,683 objects is intended for baryon acoustic oscillation and large-scale structure analyses.
Published as Photometric classification of quasars from DES and photo-$z$ estimation with Machine Learning arXiv:2605.18218
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