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A pulsar in disguise: coolest, dimmest redback yet found

A. V. Karpova, D. A. Zyuzin, S. V. Zharikov, M. R. Gilfanov

May 21, 2026

Astronomers identified a mysterious Fermi source as a redback system: a neutron star with a close companion star. Using optical data spanning 6.6 years, they confirmed a 5.6-hour orbital period and determined the companion is an M-type star with mass ~0.5 solar masses and temperature ~3600 K—the coolest and most massive known in this class. The system also ranks among the dimmest redbacks in both X-rays and gamma rays, suggesting hidden diversity in neutron star binaries.
Published as Nature of 4FGL J2249.4+6229: Evidence for a redback system with a cool companion and low X-ray and $γ$-ray luminosities arXiv:2605.22271
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