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How many exotic tweaks can one black hole solution handle?

Fernando M. Belchior, Allan R. P. Moreira, Abdelmalek Bouzenada, Faizuddin Ahmed

May 20, 2026

Combining modified Maxwell electrodynamics, a cosmic string cloud, and Lorentz-symmetry-violating 'bumblebee' gravity into a single black hole solution, the authors map out how each extra parameter shifts the Hawking temperature, entropy, and the probability that radiation escapes the black hole. The more parameters added, the more tunable the greybody factors become — but no single effect dominates cleanly. For anyone outside the field, this is largely a bookkeeping exercise: useful as a reference if any of these modifications are ever constrained by observation, but not delivering a surprise on its own.
Published as ModMax-black hole surrounded by cloud of strings in Bumblebee gravity arXiv:2605.20570
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