Is dark energy changing? A sharper tool says yes

Measuring dark energy's equation of state normally requires differentiating noisy distance data twice, amplifying errors. This new 'w₀-probe' extracts the current value directly from the expansion history in one step. Applied to supernova, BAO, and CMB data, it rules out a simple cosmological constant at 95% confidence and points to dark energy significantly weaker than the standard model predicts — reinforcing the picture that dark energy may be evolving.