What are these newfound exotic particles made of quarks?

Experiments now regularly spot exotic hadrons—particles made of four or five quarks instead of the traditional two or three—in systems containing charm and bottom quarks. These discoveries are no longer flukes but systematic patterns, including hidden-charm pentaquarks, anomalous charmonium structures, and doubly-heavy tetraquarks. Heavier quarks produce cleaner signatures, exposing regularities that hint at new organizing principles in hadron physics.