Will Indonesia's power grid survive climate change?

Researchers mapped how climate stressors—heat reducing power plant efficiency—and shocks like floods and sea-level rise threaten Indonesia's electricity infrastructure simultaneously. By combining geospatial data with demand and generation models under future climate scenarios, they found the country could lose up to 36 percentage points of reserve capacity, leaving critical grids below safe operating thresholds. Notably, much planned expansion may go toward replacing climate losses rather than meeting growing demand.