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Why do quantum reservoir computers actually outperform classical ones?

Johannes Nokkala, Federico Centrone, Francesco Arzani

May 27, 2026

Any reservoir computer using linear dynamics and linear readout can't generate new predictive power beyond what's already in its inputs — it just reshuffles information. This fundamental ceiling is easy to miss because total capacity metrics blur contributions across time delays. Crucially, single-photon quantum operations provably exceed this limit, offering the clearest demonstration yet of real quantum advantage in reservoir computing and a practical test for detecting non-Gaussian behavior in quantum systems.
Published as A hidden bottleneck in classical and quantum linear reservoir computing arXiv:2605.29071
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