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How does quantum information scramble when symmetry is broken differently?

Zhiyang Tan, Piet W. Brouwer

June 2, 2026

Random quantum circuits are a standard model for how information spreads and becomes irretrievable — a process called scrambling. Swapping the usual unitary gates for orthogonal or symplectic ones changes the rules in unexpected ways: the scrambling front has a fuzzy boundary rather than a sharp wall, and the speed of information spread can actually exceed the benchmark set by fully random unitary circuits when gates come from the negative-determinant component of the orthogonal group. The result hints that symmetry class, not just randomness, fundamentally shapes how quantum systems lose memory of their initial state.
Published as Operator spreading in random circuits with orthogonal or symplectic symmetry arXiv:2606.03956
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