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How does quantum information scramble when symmetry is broken differently?
Zhiyang Tan, Piet W. Brouwer
June 2, 2026
Random quantum circuits are a standard model for how information spreads and becomes irretrievable — a process called scrambling. Swapping the usual unitary gates for orthogonal or symplectic ones changes the rules in unexpected ways: the scrambling front has a fuzzy boundary rather than a sharp wall, and the speed of information spread can actually exceed the benchmark set by fully random unitary circuits when gates come from the negative-determinant component of the orthogonal group. The result hints that symmetry class, not just randomness, fundamentally shapes how quantum systems lose memory of their initial state.
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